The traction elevator utilizes the balance principle of counterweight and car. The guide rails are located on both sides of the car, with uniform force and smooth operation. The car is driven up and down by a permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction host through a steel wire rope.

無機房曳引電梯機械結(jié)構(gòu)圖：

Mechanical structure diagram of inorganic room traction elevator:

曳引式電梯的優(yōu)點：

Advantages of traction elevators:

1. 性好、運行平穩(wěn)舒適、速度快。

1. Good safety, smooth and comfortable operation, and fast speed.

2. 漏油的可能性小，電機功率比較小，能耗低。

2. The possibility of oil leakage is low, the motor power is relatively low, and the energy consumption is low.

3. 使用壽命長因為使用對重來平衡轎廂，動滑輪結(jié)構(gòu)讓電梯使用壽命比其他平臺長一倍以上。

3. Long service life due to the use of counterweights to balance the elevator car, and the movable pulley structure allows the elevator to have a service life that is more than twice that of other platforms.

4. 市場應(yīng)用廣，技術(shù)成熟，低于其他驅(qū)動方式的電梯。

4. The elevator has the widest market application, the most mature technology, and the price is lower than other driving methods.

曳引式電梯的缺點：

Disadvantages of traction elevators:

1. 對土建要求要高。如客戶房子的高度太低（低于2600毫米）就無法安裝，基坑深度要2500毫米以上。

1. High requirements for civil engineering. If the top floor height of the client's house is too low (less than 2600 millimeters), it cannot be installed, and the depth of the foundation pit should be more than 2500 millimeters.

2. 占用空間尺寸多(井道利用率56%) 。提供轎廂占用了一定空間，另外還要增加對重，所以要增加2根軌道。

2. The occupied space size is large (the utilization rate of the shaft is 56%). The provision of a lift car takes up a certain amount of space, and there is also a need to add counterweight, so 2 tracks need to be added.

3. 需要更為復(fù)雜的安裝工藝。因為正常式曳引電梯結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，各種控制部件、驅(qū)動部件、部件多。

3. More complex installation processes are required. Due to the complex structure of a normal traction elevator, there are many control components, driving components, and safety components.

強制驅(qū)動式電梯

Forced drive elevator

強驅(qū)式電梯的運行原理，是用一個固定在井道一端的卷揚機將轎廂吊起，術(shù)語上稱為強制驅(qū)動電梯。強制驅(qū)動目前仍然用于各大建筑工地的卷揚機上，由于缺點比較明顯，一般不用在平常的建筑內(nèi)電梯上。

The operating principle of a forced drive elevator is to use a winch fixed at one end of the shaft to lift the car, which is technically referred to as a forced drive elevator. Forced drive is still used on winches at major construction sites, but due to its obvious drawbacks, it is generally not used on elevators in ordinary buildings.

強驅(qū)的主機可以放在上面也可以放在下面

The hard drive host can be placed on top or below

因為沒有對重，所以將鋼絲繩全部卷繞在主機上，對于鋼絲繩壽命有很大影響

Because there is no counterweight, winding all the wire ropes on the main machine has a significant impact on the lifespan of the wire rope

強制驅(qū)動式電梯的優(yōu)點：

Advantages of forced drive elevators:

1.結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，井道利用率比較高，能節(jié)約空間。（井道利用率：61%）強制驅(qū)動家用電梯只有兩條懸掛鋼絲繩，沒有對重，卷揚機放在井道一端，所以它的井道利用率比曳引，液壓都要高，但相對螺桿式升降平臺要低4個點。

1. The structure is simple, the utilization rate of the shaft is relatively high, and it can save space. (Hoistway utilization rate: 61%) The forced drive household elevator only has two hanging steel wire ropes and no counterweight. The winch is placed at one end of the hoistway, so its hoistway utilization rate is higher than that of traction and hydraulic systems, but it is 4 points lower than that of screw type lifting platforms.

強制驅(qū)動式電梯的缺點：

Disadvantages of forced drive elevators:

1. 系數(shù)低，不太。需要定期檢查鋼絲繩及卷揚機的磨損狀況。

1. The Factor of safety is low and not very safe. It is necessary to regularly check the wear condition of the steel wire rope and hoist.

2. 功耗大。所謂強制驅(qū)動，也就是強行將電梯轎廂吊起，中間沒有任何借力的部件，功耗必然就高，一般同樣的載重，能耗比正常曳引電梯高3-4倍。

2. High power consumption. The so-called forced drive refers to forcibly lifting the elevator car without any borrowed components, resulting in high power consumption. Generally, for the same load, the energy consumption is 3-4 times higher than that of a normal traction elevator.

3. 提升高度有限。  因為是卷揚機原理，當電梯上行的時候是把兩根鋼絲卷起在卷筒上，吊起轎廂，所以提升高度越高，鋼絲卷的就越多，卷筒的長度就需要更長，但是在井道尺寸受限的情況下，沒有辦法安裝那么長的卷筒。

3. The lifting height is limited. Because it is a winch principle, when the elevator goes up, two steel wires are rolled onto the drum to lift the car. Therefore, the higher the lifting height, the more steel wires are rolled, and the length of the drum needs to be longer. However, when the size of the shaft is limited, it is impossible to install such a long drum.

4. 鋼絲繩以及卷筒的繩槽很容易磨損。

4. The grooves of the steel wire rope and drum are easily worn out.

5. 電梯鋼絲拉伸太多。因為該電梯的懸掛只有兩條鋼絲繩，鋼絲繩本身就有一定的彈性，如果轎廂里面的重量達到100公斤以上鋼絲繩就會被拉長，轎廂就會下沉低于地坎平面（一般電梯少都是3根以上鋼絲），甚還會發(fā)生不平層的現(xiàn)象。

5. The elevator steel wire is stretched too much. Because the suspension of the elevator only has two steel wire ropes, the steel wire ropes themselves have a certain degree of elasticity. If the weight inside the car reaches 100 kilograms or more, the steel wire ropes will be stretched, and the car will sink below the sill plane (usually elevators have at least three or more steel wires), and even uneven layers may occur.

螺桿式電梯

Screw elevator

螺桿式電梯近年因為結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、裝修精美一下子在用戶中流行起來，其機械原理比較容易理解：由一個電機帶動螺母連著平臺，沿著一根從頂?shù)降偷穆輻U在封閉式的井框內(nèi)做運動。

Screw elevators have become popular among Chinese users in recent years due to their simple structure and exquisite decoration. Their mechanical principle is relatively easy to understand: a motor drives a nut to connect to the platform, and moves along a top to bottom screw in a closed well frame.